YANGTZE RIVER HIGH-NET FISHING SAMPAN
- Topicstarter Heinrich
- Startdatum
Dit is dan wel leuk om te lezen voor jou Jan:
https://wos.nl/nieuws/artikel/nieuwe-datum-doop-trekschuit
Ik heb indertijd (via Ron van Leeuwen) contact gehad met de organisatie van deze trekschuit om eventueel een bouwdoos te ontwikkelen. Daar is echter niks uit gekomen.
@*Hans* Nouw Hans kijk nouw hoe leuk is dit! 
N Paar jaar gelede studente van mij het my uitgeneem vir ete by een restaurant recht langs een van Nantong se kanale. Terwijl ons buite sit, kom daar een boot/schuit.schip verbij al langs de kanaal af - geluidloos behalwe vir de groot dieselenjin.
Zo kom dit toe uit dat dit een van China se "sand boats" is wat bouwsand vervoer vanaf de binneland na Shanghai. Ik was onmiddellik gefascineer en wouw meer uitvind van de leefwijse van deze boat people. Terwijl ik opgelees het oor de sand boats kom ik toe af op de Tanka people en voila!
Maar wat nou vir mij zo leuk is: kijk net de ooreenkoms met de binnenvaartschip! Twee kontinente apart; twee kulture apartt; twee nasies apart - maar de boot is basies diezelfde! Dit is waarom ik nooit wil ophou leer niet!
Vele dank vir jouw plaatje Hans!
N Paar jaar gelede studente van mij het my uitgeneem vir ete by een restaurant recht langs een van Nantong se kanale. Terwijl ons buite sit, kom daar een boot/schuit.schip verbij al langs de kanaal af - geluidloos behalwe vir de groot dieselenjin.
Zo kom dit toe uit dat dit een van China se "sand boats" is wat bouwsand vervoer vanaf de binneland na Shanghai. Ik was onmiddellik gefascineer en wouw meer uitvind van de leefwijse van deze boat people. Terwijl ik opgelees het oor de sand boats kom ik toe af op de Tanka people en voila!
Maar wat nou vir mij zo leuk is: kijk net de ooreenkoms met de binnenvaartschip! Twee kontinente apart; twee kulture apartt; twee nasies apart - maar de boot is basies diezelfde!
Dit is waarom ik nooit wil ophou leer niet!Vele dank vir jouw plaatje Hans!
So as promised, some more historical information.
THE HONGTOU SAMPAN or Shanghai / Hong Kong Harbor Sampan
Above: from Shaky Ships: The “Hong'Tou”, a small sampan used in the harbour of Shanghai (National Maritime Museum, Antwerp. AS 35, 48, 10).
Worcester in his excellent book, The Junks and Sampans of the Yangtze, writes:
This quaint and colourful little craft is a distinctive feature of the Shanghai Harbour. It is called the Hung-T'ou or red head, because of its painted bow, but is more commonly referred to as the mu-chi, or hen boat, for its supposed resemblance to that fowl. Actually, if one were to liken it to a bird, a duck would be a better choice, for it is squat in appearance, with a turned-up tail, and rides the river like a duck.
These boats are entirely Chinese in design and construction. It would seem that they owe something to the Amoy influence. Their history is obscure, but the fact that they have no guild would seem to point to a comparatively recent origin.
They are preferably built of Foochow pine, but if this is unavailable, softwood from Ningpo (Ningbo) is used. The bulkheads are made of hsiang-chang, a hardwood from Kiangsi. The timber is supplied by the merchants in the form of chang-pa-t'ung, that is to say, poles of 1 chang 8 ch'ih. These sampans are all built in or near Shanghai.
The sampan illustrated below is 18 feet over-all, with a beam of 5 feet and depth of 2 feet. It draws only a few inches unless loaded to capacity, when there is the minimum of freeboard.
These sampans, of which there are to-day the record low figure of 813, are required to register with the harbour Police of the Chinese Maritime Customs. This is done annually, usually in April. No fee is charged for registration, but the sampanmen are required each to pay 40 cents towards the cost of the paint used in numbering the boats. On the hood, on each side of the registered number of the sampan, a coloured dot will be noticed. The colour is changed each year and shows at a glance when the boat was last registered. The harbour Police record the names, addresses, and other particulars of the boatmen and insist on the boats being kept seaworthy and clean. The sampanmen claim that they belong to the Customs and are very proud of this association.
(Photographs supplied by: Virtual Shanghai)
RIGGING:
However, as mentioned earlier, the Hong'Tou is NOT The sampan that I am building.
In my second to last post I showed the canopy installed, the H-shaped frames constructed and one of the two paddle oars in its storage place. The reason that I have kept the right side “open” at this stage is to facilitate easier working on the rigging. The Yangtze-river sampans, in contrast to their Hong Kong and Shanghai namesakes, COULD be equipped with a sail when traveling long distances as part of their quest for fertile fish grounds.
The beautiful picture below (taken at the Three Gorges in the Yangtze river) clearly illustrates the derivative that I am building.
I started the rigging process by making the first two blocks that will make up the lanyard at the top of the mast
I apologise for the quality (or lack thereof) of the photo, but the light is not good in the apartment. Suffice to say that the blocks supplied by Unicorn are of very good quality and I had no qualms about working with those as is.
Next my beautiful and wonderful Admiral Anna stepped in and sewed the spars to the pre-sewn sail. I was utterly relieved that I could escape that ordeal and - as I have come to know when she planked the Leudo - the sail was perfect!
That is all for now. Let us see how far we get tonight.
Warmest regards - Heinrich
THE HONGTOU SAMPAN or Shanghai / Hong Kong Harbor Sampan
Above: from Shaky Ships: The “Hong'Tou”, a small sampan used in the harbour of Shanghai (National Maritime Museum, Antwerp. AS 35, 48, 10).
Worcester in his excellent book, The Junks and Sampans of the Yangtze, writes:
This quaint and colourful little craft is a distinctive feature of the Shanghai Harbour. It is called the Hung-T'ou or red head, because of its painted bow, but is more commonly referred to as the mu-chi, or hen boat, for its supposed resemblance to that fowl. Actually, if one were to liken it to a bird, a duck would be a better choice, for it is squat in appearance, with a turned-up tail, and rides the river like a duck.
These boats are entirely Chinese in design and construction. It would seem that they owe something to the Amoy influence. Their history is obscure, but the fact that they have no guild would seem to point to a comparatively recent origin.
They are preferably built of Foochow pine, but if this is unavailable, softwood from Ningpo (Ningbo) is used. The bulkheads are made of hsiang-chang, a hardwood from Kiangsi. The timber is supplied by the merchants in the form of chang-pa-t'ung, that is to say, poles of 1 chang 8 ch'ih. These sampans are all built in or near Shanghai.
The sampan illustrated below is 18 feet over-all, with a beam of 5 feet and depth of 2 feet. It draws only a few inches unless loaded to capacity, when there is the minimum of freeboard.
These sampans, of which there are to-day the record low figure of 813, are required to register with the harbour Police of the Chinese Maritime Customs. This is done annually, usually in April. No fee is charged for registration, but the sampanmen are required each to pay 40 cents towards the cost of the paint used in numbering the boats. On the hood, on each side of the registered number of the sampan, a coloured dot will be noticed. The colour is changed each year and shows at a glance when the boat was last registered. The harbour Police record the names, addresses, and other particulars of the boatmen and insist on the boats being kept seaworthy and clean. The sampanmen claim that they belong to the Customs and are very proud of this association.
(Photographs supplied by: Virtual Shanghai)
RIGGING:
However, as mentioned earlier, the Hong'Tou is NOT The sampan that I am building.
In my second to last post I showed the canopy installed, the H-shaped frames constructed and one of the two paddle oars in its storage place. The reason that I have kept the right side “open” at this stage is to facilitate easier working on the rigging. The Yangtze-river sampans, in contrast to their Hong Kong and Shanghai namesakes, COULD be equipped with a sail when traveling long distances as part of their quest for fertile fish grounds.
The beautiful picture below (taken at the Three Gorges in the Yangtze river) clearly illustrates the derivative that I am building.
I started the rigging process by making the first two blocks that will make up the lanyard at the top of the mast
I apologise for the quality (or lack thereof) of the photo, but the light is not good in the apartment. Suffice to say that the blocks supplied by Unicorn are of very good quality and I had no qualms about working with those as is.
Next my beautiful and wonderful Admiral Anna stepped in and sewed the spars to the pre-sewn sail. I was utterly relieved that I could escape that ordeal and - as I have come to know when she planked the Leudo - the sail was perfect!
That is all for now. Let us see how far we get tonight.
Warmest regards - Heinrich
Mooie historie weer Heinrich en complimenten voor Anna, het zeil ziet er geweldig uit
Vele dank Koos. Ik sal verseker jouw boodskap oordra aan de admiraal.
Weer een prachtig stukje van de historie erbij, en inderdaad, een compliment aan admiraal Anna is ook weer op zijn plaats, het zeil is schitterend geworden
Baie dankie my vrind! De Admiraal is mij waardevolste scheepswerker.
Zij is ook de enigste ...
Wow Heinrich, thanks for the history lesson.
Marcus
Marcus
Hello Almal
With all training centers in Jiangsu Province closed again because of Covid-19, I kept full-sail ahead with the sampan.
Rigging:
The configuration is of course very close to that of the Chinese Junk and is unique in that it features no standing rigging. A very good introduction on this type of rigging is the article by Pat Reynolds
What’s in a Rig Series #3
There’s probably no rig more fascinating than the junk rig. Long before Columbus’ time, early as the 10th century, the Chinese were making their way through the oceans with a rig that has amazingly stood the test of the time. There are many who feel that this very old but very innovative sail plan is superior to the more popular and ubiquitous sloop rig and others.
The junk is predicated upon sails that are fully battened, a characteristic associated with more modern racing vessels and they typically lack any standing rigging (stays and shrouds). They are a completely different looking sail plan and in practice it’s clear the early Chinese engineers and designers were way ahead of their time. A thousand years later, there are advocates ready to point out the many areas where the junks reign supreme.
Due to the full batten set-up, the sails maintain an efficient consistent shape and are fast, especially downwind. In a big breeze junk owners will attest that they’re extremely easy to reef and, as an added bonus, are inherently self-tacking. There are obvious cost benefits to not having any standing rigging – no maintenance, replacement or (costs aside) anxiety about sudden failure. Because of the full battens, there’s also no flogging or flapping of sails and there’s fewer blind spots, like what you might experience with a large genoa on a sloop or cutter rig.
The main disadvantage that’s cited with junk rigs is there upwind deficiency. Although there are theories as to how to improve this, most junk owners will concede that the best they can do is come closer to how well a sloop travels upwind.
If we can just for a moment take a look again at Admiral’ Anna's sail, you will see that marked # 1-7 are the battens. The fact that the High-Net Fishing sampan had 7 battens meant that it was a large one by sampan standards – normally they had either four or five battens.
My first job was to glue the sheeting lines to the Port Side of the battens. You can see that I used a large sheet of paper to clamp the sail to and then I drew the angle of the sheeting lines on that. The Euphroe (essentially a friction block), through which all the sheeting lines pass and which maintains equal tension on all the lines is seen above connected to the lines.
Verskoning dat de pllatje op zij kop staat.
With all the sheeting lines attached to the battens and the with the Euphroe in place, all 8 lines were stropped where they were affixed to the battens. On the picture above you can see that I have already glued the stropping lines into position.
Then it was time to move onto the mast. I was really not happy with the “mast” that Unicorn supplied. It was too thin in diameter (according to scale), it wasn’t straight and it actually looked as if it was made up of two pieces of wood glued together. I raided my scrap materials box, but found nothing suitable. Then … brainwave. The Haarlem’s dowelling! They were 1mm too thick in diameter but some sanding brought it to exactly the correct diameter. However, there was one major problem – the color. It was almost white in appearance compared to the reddish hue of the Pear Wood. Untreated it stuck out like a sore thumb so something had to be done.
I made contact with some prominent Chinese modelers to find out what they use to stain wood (My Kolderstok stain was far too dark and I wasn’t going to place an order to the Netherlands just for that). They advised me to use Shellac – the first time for me using that.
This is how the product is advertised on Taobao. I obviously selected the “red” color shellac (It is the closest in color to the almost reddish shine of the Pear Wood) and together with a bottle of 99% alcohol, ordered my stash from Taobao.
Now comes the fun part where I get to be alchemist. The dry shellac flakes and alcohol are mixed in a ratio of 1:5.
Even though the alcohol had just been added to the shellac, you can already see the colour that it is assuming. 50 grams of Shellac / 100ml of alcohol.
After 15 minutes. this was what the mixture was looking like. If you look closely you can almost see a Chinese flag in the spoon (There are just too many yellow stars!)
And after approximately an hour, the mixture was ready for application. Mixing the shellac, I all did with meticulous attention to step-by-step pictures, but when it came to treating the mast with the shellac, I did not take any pictures! Stupid!
Word Vervolg
With all training centers in Jiangsu Province closed again because of Covid-19, I kept full-sail ahead with the sampan.
Rigging:
The configuration is of course very close to that of the Chinese Junk and is unique in that it features no standing rigging. A very good introduction on this type of rigging is the article by Pat Reynolds
What’s in a Rig Series #3
There’s probably no rig more fascinating than the junk rig. Long before Columbus’ time, early as the 10th century, the Chinese were making their way through the oceans with a rig that has amazingly stood the test of the time. There are many who feel that this very old but very innovative sail plan is superior to the more popular and ubiquitous sloop rig and others.
The junk is predicated upon sails that are fully battened, a characteristic associated with more modern racing vessels and they typically lack any standing rigging (stays and shrouds). They are a completely different looking sail plan and in practice it’s clear the early Chinese engineers and designers were way ahead of their time. A thousand years later, there are advocates ready to point out the many areas where the junks reign supreme.
Due to the full batten set-up, the sails maintain an efficient consistent shape and are fast, especially downwind. In a big breeze junk owners will attest that they’re extremely easy to reef and, as an added bonus, are inherently self-tacking. There are obvious cost benefits to not having any standing rigging – no maintenance, replacement or (costs aside) anxiety about sudden failure. Because of the full battens, there’s also no flogging or flapping of sails and there’s fewer blind spots, like what you might experience with a large genoa on a sloop or cutter rig.
The main disadvantage that’s cited with junk rigs is there upwind deficiency. Although there are theories as to how to improve this, most junk owners will concede that the best they can do is come closer to how well a sloop travels upwind.
If we can just for a moment take a look again at Admiral’ Anna's sail, you will see that marked # 1-7 are the battens. The fact that the High-Net Fishing sampan had 7 battens meant that it was a large one by sampan standards – normally they had either four or five battens.
My first job was to glue the sheeting lines to the Port Side of the battens. You can see that I used a large sheet of paper to clamp the sail to and then I drew the angle of the sheeting lines on that. The Euphroe (essentially a friction block), through which all the sheeting lines pass and which maintains equal tension on all the lines is seen above connected to the lines.
Verskoning dat de pllatje op zij kop staat.
With all the sheeting lines attached to the battens and the with the Euphroe in place, all 8 lines were stropped where they were affixed to the battens. On the picture above you can see that I have already glued the stropping lines into position.
Then it was time to move onto the mast. I was really not happy with the “mast” that Unicorn supplied. It was too thin in diameter (according to scale), it wasn’t straight and it actually looked as if it was made up of two pieces of wood glued together. I raided my scrap materials box, but found nothing suitable. Then … brainwave. The Haarlem’s dowelling! They were 1mm too thick in diameter but some sanding brought it to exactly the correct diameter. However, there was one major problem – the color. It was almost white in appearance compared to the reddish hue of the Pear Wood. Untreated it stuck out like a sore thumb so something had to be done.
I made contact with some prominent Chinese modelers to find out what they use to stain wood (My Kolderstok stain was far too dark and I wasn’t going to place an order to the Netherlands just for that). They advised me to use Shellac – the first time for me using that.
This is how the product is advertised on Taobao. I obviously selected the “red” color shellac (It is the closest in color to the almost reddish shine of the Pear Wood) and together with a bottle of 99% alcohol, ordered my stash from Taobao.
Now comes the fun part where I get to be alchemist. The dry shellac flakes and alcohol are mixed in a ratio of 1:5.
Even though the alcohol had just been added to the shellac, you can already see the colour that it is assuming. 50 grams of Shellac / 100ml of alcohol.
After 15 minutes. this was what the mixture was looking like. If you look closely you can almost see a Chinese flag in the spoon (There are just too many yellow stars!)
And after approximately an hour, the mixture was ready for application. Mixing the shellac, I all did with meticulous attention to step-by-step pictures, but when it came to treating the mast with the shellac, I did not take any pictures! Stupid!
Word Vervolg
In any case, here you can see the effect of the shellac and the mast in place. Now earlier on, someone on SOS mentioned that there are luckily not ratlines. This may be true BUT the mast had to be stropped - on both sides - in a total of 9 locations. The three red lines just indicate some of the stropping lines.
So as you can see- I had quite a productive day.
Keep well my friends, PLEASE stay safe and TAKE CARE!
Warmest greetings - Heinrich
Stephan Kertész
Forum veteraan
Ik zal de chellac ook eens bestellen. Op Alie geeft het kleine zakjes voor een leuke prijs
@Pingu57 Vele dank Peter. Ik denk ook de mast past heel goed by de battens. Nouw de zeil word glad niet aan de mast bevestigd niet! De battens word vasgenaai aan de zeil en de mast wordt net los op de battens geplaas. Dan word een touw vasgelijm aan de batten, net los oor de mast geplaast en weer aan de anderkant van de mast vasgelijm aan die batten. Zodra de lijm droog is, word die gelijmde dele met touw gestrop,. Ik het geen plaatje daarvan, maar ik het vir jou n schets gemaak.
De battens word vasgenaai aan de zeil en de mast wordt net los op de battens geplaas. Dan word een touw vasgelijm aan de batten, net los oor de mast geplaast en weer aan de anderkant van de mast vasgelijm aan die batten. Zodra de lijm droog is, word die gelijmde dele met touw gestrop,. Ik het geen plaatje daarvan, maar ik het vir jou n schets gemaak.